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How to Prepare Your Pipes Before Leaving for Winter Vacation

Last updated October 25, 2026

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The short answer

Shut off the Main Water Valve

Your first step is to find the main water shutoff valve, usually where the water line enters your home. Turn it off completely so no new water enters the pipes. This is the single most effective way to prevent a small leak from turning into a flood.

After closing the valve, open every faucet in the house, starting with the highest floor and working down. Let the water run until it stops. This drains the water from the lines, leaving little to freeze and expand. Flush each toilet once to empty the tank and bowl, then sponge out any remaining water from the bowl.

Set the Thermostat and Open Cabinets

Keep your home warm enough to prevent freezing, even while you are away. Set the thermostat to at least 55 degrees Fahrenheit. This uses more energy than a lower setting, but it is far cheaper than repairing burst pipes or replacing drywall.

Open the cabinets under sinks in the kitchen and bathrooms. This allows heated air to reach the pipes behind the walls and under the sink. If your pipes run through an unheated garage or crawl space, add extra insulation or use a space heater with a thermostat, but never leave a heater unattended near flammable materials.

  • Turn off the main water valve
  • Drain all faucets and toilets
  • Set thermostat to at least 55 degrees
  • Open cabinet doors under sinks
  • Insulate pipes in unheated areas
  • Ask a neighbor to check for leaks periodically

Insulate Exposed Pipes

Pipes in basements, crawl spaces, garages, and exterior walls are most at risk. Wrap them with foam pipe insulation, which is inexpensive and easy to install. You can also use heat tape, but follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully to avoid fire hazards.

Pay extra attention to pipes near windows, vents, or exterior doors. If you have a hose bib on the outside, disconnect the hose and drain the valve. Cold winters make this step essential, so take the time to cover every exposed section before you leave.

Check for Leaks and Damage

Inspect all visible pipes for signs of wear, cracks, or loose fittings before you go. Look for damp spots, rust, or mineral buildup that might indicate a slow leak. Fixing a small issue now can prevent a major problem while you are away.

If you notice any damage, a plumber can handle the repair. For water damage that has already occurred, such as stained ceilings or swollen floors, local water damage pros can assess the situation. They can also perform a water damage inspection to identify hidden moisture in walls or under floors.

If your pipes are in good shape, you can still have peace of mind knowing you have taken the right precautions. But if you are unsure about the condition of your plumbing, consider scheduling a leak detection service to catch problems early.

Prepare for the Unexpected

No plan is perfect, and even with preparation, a pipe can fail. That is why it is wise to have a plan for what to do if you return to a flooded home. Know where your main shutoff valve is and how to turn it off, even if you already shut it off before leaving.

If you do find water damage, act quickly. The longer water sits, the more damage it causes. Water-damaged flooring and drywall may need to be removed, and structural drying and dehumidification can help prevent mold. Being ready for sudden freezes is half the battle.

Also, consider turning off the water heater if you drain your pipes completely. This prevents the tank from overheating or becoming damaged. And if you have a sump pump, make sure it is working and has a backup battery in case of a power outage.

  • Know your shutoff valve location
  • Turn off the water heater if draining pipes
  • Check sump pump and battery backup
  • Have a neighbor's contact number
  • Know the signs of water damage
  • Keep a list of local water damage pros handy

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Frequently asked questions

Should I leave the heat on when I go on vacation in winter?

Yes, keep the thermostat at least 55 degrees Fahrenheit. This is warm enough to prevent most pipes from freezing. Lowering the heat too much can cause the temperature inside walls to drop below freezing, leading to burst pipes.

What if I can't shut off the main water valve?

If you cannot turn the valve, call a plumber to do it or to fix the valve. You might also ask a neighbor to check your pipes regularly. Alternatively, you can leave a faucet dripping slightly to keep water moving, but that still leaves water in the pipes.

How long can I leave my house without heat in winter?

It is not recommended to turn off the heat completely. Even a few hours below 50 degrees can risk freezing. For longer absences, set the thermostat to 55 degrees and have someone check the house every few days to ensure the power stays on.

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